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1.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 114(2): 284-292, Feb. 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1088875

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background: Diastolic dysfunction, commonly evaluated by echocardiography, is an important early finding in many cardiomyopathies. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) often requires specialized sequences that extends the test time. Recently, feature-tracking imaging has been made available, but still requires expensive software and lacks clinical validation. Objective: To assess diastolic function in patients with aortic valve disease (AVD) and compare it with normal controls by evaluating left ventricular (LV) longitudinal displacement by CMR. Methods: We compared 26 AVD patients with 19 normal controls. Diastolic function was evaluated as LV longitudinal displacement in 4-chamber view cine-CMR images using steady state free precession (SSFP) sequence during the entire cardiac cycle with temporal resolution < 50 ms. The resulting plot of atrioventricular junction (AVJ) position versus time generated variables of AVJ motion. Significance level of p < 0.05 was used. Results: Maximum longitudinal displacement (0.12 vs. 0.17 cm), maximum velocity during early diastole (MVED, 0.6 vs. 1.4s-1), slope of the best-fit line of displacement in diastasis (VDS, 0.22 vs. 0.03s-1), and VDS/MVED ratio (0.35 vs. 0.02) were significantly reduced in AVD patients compared with controls, respectively. Aortic regurgitation showed significantly worse longitudinal LV shortening compared with aortic stenosis. Higher LV mass indicated worse diastolic dysfunction. Conclusions: A simple linear measurement detected significant differences on LV diastolic function between AVD patients and controls. LV mass was the only independent predictor of diastolic dysfunction in these patients. This method can help in the evaluation of diastolic dysfunction, improving cardiomyopathy detection by CMR, without prolonging exam time or depending on expensive software.


Resumo Fundamentos: A disfunção diastólica, comumente avaliada por ecocardiografia, é um importante achado precoce na maioria das cardiomiopatias. A ressonância magnética cardíaca (RMC) frequentemente requer sequências específicas que prolongam o tempo de exame. Recentemente, métodos de imagens com monitoramento de dados (feature-tracking) foram desenvolvidos, mas ainda requerem softwares caros e carecem de validação clínica. Objetivos: Avaliar a função diastólica em pacientes com doença valvar aórtica (DVA) e compará-la a controles normais pela medida do deslocamento longitudinal do ventrículo esquerdo (VE) por RMC. Métodos: Nós comparamos 26 pacientes com DVA com 19 controles normais. A função diastólica foi avaliada como uma medida do deslocamento longitudinal do VE nas imagens de cine-RMC no plano quatro câmaras usando a sequência steady state free precession (SSFP) durante todo o ciclo cardíaco com resolução temporal < 50 ms. O gráfico resultante da posição da junção atrioventricular versus tempo gerou variáveis de movimento da junção atrioventricular. Utilizamos nível de significância de p < 0,005. Resultados: Deslocamento longitudinal máximo (0,12 vs. 0,17 cm), velocidade máxima em início de diástole (0,6 vs. 1,4s-1), velocidade máxima na diástase (0,22 vs. 0,03s-1) e a razão entre a velocidade máxima na diástase e a velocidade máxima em diástole inicial (0,35 vs. 0,02) foram significativamente menores nos pacientes com DVA em comparação aos controles normais, respectivamente. Pacientes com insuficiência aórtica apresentaram medidas de encurtamento longitudinal do VE significativamente piores em comparação aqueles com estenose aórtica. O aumento da massa ventricular esquerda indicou pior disfunção diastólica. Conclusões: Esta simples medida linear detectou diferenças significativas na função diastólica do VE entre pacientes com DVA e controles normais. A massa ventricular esquerda foi o único preditor independente de disfunção diastólica nesses pacientes. Este método pode auxiliar na avaliação da disfunção diastólica, melhorando a detecção de cardiomiopatias por RMC sem prolongar o tempo de exame ou depender de caros softwares.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aortic Valve Insufficiency/physiopathology , Aortic Valve Stenosis/physiopathology , Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/physiopathology , Diastole/physiology , Aortic Valve Insufficiency/diagnostic imaging , Aortic Valve Stenosis/diagnostic imaging , Reference Values , Atrioventricular Node/physiopathology , Atrioventricular Node/diagnostic imaging , Time Factors , Bundle of His/physiopathology , Bundle of His/diagnostic imaging , Case-Control Studies , Linear Models , Retrospective Studies , Ventricular Function, Left/physiology , Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/diagnostic imaging , Statistics, Nonparametric , Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine/methods
3.
Rev. chil. cardiol ; 36(2): 116-121, 2017. ilus, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-899575

ABSTRACT

La insuficiencia aórtica consiste en el reflujo diastólico de sangre desde la aorta hacia el ventrículo izquierdo, sus mecanismos son múltiples y su magnitud queda determinada por: el área del orificio regurgitante, el gradiente diastólico entre la aorta y el ventrículo izquierdo y la duración de la diástole. En contraposición a esto la insuficiencia aórtica sistólica (IAS) es un fenómeno inusual, con escasos reportes y con una fisiopatología particular. Reportamos tres casos clínicos que ilustran los mecanismos de la IAS. CASO 1: Hombre 54 años, consulta por palpitaciones y disnea, la ecocardiografía transtorácica (ETT) objetiva hipertrofia ventricular izquierda leve con buena función y una valvulopatía aórtica degenerativa con insuficiencia leve, durante el examen se registran ex-trasístoles ventriculares aislados asociado a IAS. CASO 2: Hombre de 61 años con diagnóstico de miocardiopatía dilatada no isquémica en estadio D. Su ETT basal evidencia severa dilatación y disfunción ventricular izquierda (FEVI 19%, DTD 90 mm), insuficiencia mitral funcional severa e insuficiencia aórtica leve. Por dependencia a infusión de inótropos se implanta en Marzo del 2016 un dispositivo de asistencia ventricular izquierda HeartWa-re, en control ambulatorio el dispositivo funcionaba normalmente y el ETT objetiva una significativa disminución de los diámetros del ventrículo izquierdo (DTD 70 mm) una válvula aórtica con apertura intermitente asociado a una IAS en rango leve a moderado. CASO 3: Mujer de 82 años con insuficiencia cardíaca y severa disfunción y dilatación ventricular izquierda, se hospitaliza por infección respiratoria, un ETT muestra insuficiencia mitral funcional severa asociado a IAS moderada.


Aortic regurgitation is a diastolic event in which blood from the aorta regurgitates back to the left ventricle, with several possible mechanisms. Its magnitude is determined by: the regurgitant orifice area, the diastolic gradient between the aorta and the left ventricle and the duration of diastole. In contrast, systolic aortic regurgitation (SAR) is an unusual phenomenon with few cases reported in the literature and with a particular pathophysiology. We report three cases of SAR that illustrate its mechanisms. CASE 1: 54 years-old hypertensive male, refers dyspnea associated with irregular heartbeatsTrans-thoracic echocardiography (TTE) revealed a mild left ventricular hypertrophy with normal function along with a degenerative aortic valve that presented mild regurgitation, isolated premature ventricular contractions were frequently observed associated with mild SAR. CASE 2. 61 years-old diabetic male, with a long history of stage D dilated non ischemic cardiom-yopathy. His last TTE was remarkable for a severe left ventricular dilatation and dysfunction (LVEF 19%, EDD 90 mm), severe functional mitral regurgitation, mild aortic regurgitation and pulmonary hypertension (SPAP 60 mmHg) along with right ventricular dysfunction. Because of inotrope infusion dependency a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) Heartware was implanted. At six months outpatient control, LVAD presented normal function parameters and TTE showed significant reduction in left ventricle diameters (EDD 70 mm) along with mild to moderate SAR. CASE 3: 82 year-old female, longstanding heart failure with severe LV dilatation and dysfunction (LVEF 15%), admitted for a respiratory infection, TTE showed moderate SAR along with functional severe mitral regurgitation.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Aortic Valve Insufficiency/physiopathology , Aortic Valve Insufficiency/diagnostic imaging , Systole , Echocardiography
4.
Ann Card Anaesth ; 2013 Oct; 16(4): 259-267
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-149665

ABSTRACT

Left ventricular assist devices (LVAD) are increasingly used for mechanical circulatory support of patients with severe heart failure, primarily as a bridge to heart transplantation. Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) plays a major role in the clinical decision making during insertion of the devices and in the post‑operative management of these patients. The detection of structural and device‑related mechanical abnormalities is critical for optimal functioning of assist device. In this review article, we describe the usefulness of TEE for optimal perioperative management of patients presenting for HeartWare LVAD insertion.


Subject(s)
Aortic Valve Insufficiency/physiopathology , Catheters , Echocardiography, Transesophageal , Foramen Ovale, Patent/physiopathology , Heart-Assist Devices , Humans , Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency/physiopathology , Ventricular Function, Right
5.
Rev. costarric. cardiol ; 11(2): 47-50, jul.-dic. 2009. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-581306

ABSTRACT

Se presenta el caso de una paciente femenina de 79 años, conocida portadora de cardiopatía hipertensiva, insuficiencia aórtica y dislipidemia, que se hospitalizó con un síndrome coronario agudo. Durante su evolución presentó cambios electrocardiográficos de isquemia subepicardica anterior extensa e inferior, por lo que se le realizó una coronariografia selectiva bilateral, detectándose ectasia de la arteria coronaria derecha, con flujo lento y retención del medio de contraste. Se refirió el caso para cirugía de reemplazo valvular.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged , Angiography , Coronary Angiography , Dilatation, Pathologic , Coronary Disease/diagnosis , Hyperlipidemias , Aortic Valve Insufficiency/physiopathology
6.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 93(1): 53-58, jul. 2009. graf, tab
Article in English, Spanish, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-528237

ABSTRACT

FUNDAMENTO: A reserva contrátil diminuída pode já estar presente em pacientes portadores de regurgitação aórtica, assintomáticos com fração de ejeção (FE) normal, indicando a necessidade de avaliações frequentes e acuradas da função ventricular esquerda para detectar disfunção sistólica incipiente. OBJETIVO: Analisar se incrementos na FE em doses baixas de dobutamina podem predizer cirugia e/ou morte em pacientes com regurgitação aórtica. MÉTODOS: Eco de estresse com dobutamina foi realizado em 24 pacientes portadores de regurgitação aórtica para verificar se incrementos da FE em doses baixas de dobutamina seriam capazes de predizer a necessidade de cirurgia e/ou morte nesse grupo de pacientes. RESULTADOS: A idade média foi de 37,8±16,8 anos, e 16 (66 por cento) eram homens. A FE aumentou de um valor basal médio de 62,3±7,9 por cento para 71,5±10,5 por cento, na dose de 20 µg/kg/min de dobutamina (p < 0,001). Os pacientes foram acompanhados por 36,6±20,1 meses: dois pacientes morreram (um de morte cardiovascular) e cinco foram submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca. A FE basal se correlacionou com cirurgia e morte no seguimento de pacientes. CONCLUSÃO: A FE basal se correlacionou com cirurgia ou morte no seguimento de pacientes jovens com regurgitação aórtica. Porém, o incremento percentual na FE com dose baixa de dobutamina não foi capaz de predizer eventos nesses pacientes.


BACKGROUND: Decreased contractile reserve may already be present in asymptomatic patients with aortic regurgitation and normal ejection fraction (EF), thus indicating the need for frequent and accurate assessments of the left ventricular function for the early detection of systolic dysfunction. OBJECTIVE: To analyze if increments in EF with low dose dobutamine could predict surgery and/or death in patients with aortic regurgitation. METHDOS: Dobutamine-stress echocardiography was performed in 24 patients with aortic regurgitation in order to analyze whether EF increments at low dobutamine doses could predict the need for surgery and/or death in this group of patients. RESULTS: Mean age was 37.8±16.8 years and 16 patients (66 percent) were male. EF increased from a mean baseline value of 62.3±7.9 percent to 71.5±10.5 percent at a dobutamine dose of 20 µg/kg/min (p<0.001). The patients were followed-up for 36.6±20.1 months; two patients died (one of cardiovascular death) and five underwent cardiac surgery. Baseline EF was correlated with surgery and death in the follow-up of patients. CONCLUSION: Baseline EF was correlated with surgery or death in the follow-up of young patients with aortic regurgitation. However, the percentage increase in EF at low dobutamine doses did not allow us to predict events in these patients.


FUNDAMENTO: La reserva contráctil disminuida puede ya estar presente en pacientes portadores de regurgitación aórtica, asintomáticos con fracción de eyección (FE) normal, indicando la necesidad de evaluaciones frecuentes y cuidadosas de la función ventricular izquierda para detectar disfunción sistólica incipiente. OBJETIVO: Analizar se incrementos en la FE en dosis bajas de dobutamina pueden predecir cirugía y/o muerte en pacientes con regurgitación aórtica. MÉTODOS: Eco de estrés con dobutamina se realizó en 24 pacientes portadores de regurgitación aórtica para verificar se incrementos de la FE en dosis bajas de dobutamina serían capaces de predecir la necesidad de cirugía y/o muerte en ese grupo de pacientes. RESULTADOS: La edad promedio fue de 37,8±16,8, y 16 (66 por ciento) eran varones. La FE aumentó de un valor basal promedio de 62,3±7,9 por ciento para 71,5±10,5 por ciento, en la dosis de 20 µg/kg/min de dobutamina (p < 0,001). Los pacientes se siguieron por 36,6±20,1 meses: dos pacientes murieron (uno de muerte cardiovascular) y cinco se sometieron a cirugía cardiaca. La FE basal se correlacionó con cirugía y muerte en el seguimiento de pacientes. CONCLUSIÓN: La fe basal se correlacionó con cirugía o muerte en el seguimiento de pacientes jóvenes con regurgitación aórtica. Sin embargo, el incremento porcentual en la FE con dosis baja de dobutamina no fue capaz de predecir eventos en esos pacientes.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Aortic Valve Insufficiency/diagnosis , Cardiotonic Agents , Dobutamine , Echocardiography, Stress/methods , Ventricular Function, Left/physiology , Aortic Valve Insufficiency/physiopathology , Chronic Disease , Cardiotonic Agents/administration & dosage , Dobutamine/administration & dosage , Echocardiography, Doppler , Follow-Up Studies , Radionuclide Angiography , Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/diagnosis
7.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 92(1): 63-67, jan. 2009. graf, tab
Article in English, Spanish, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-505201

ABSTRACT

FUNDAMENTO: A insuficiência aórtica crônica importante sintomática (IAo) leva a grande remodelamento ventricular esquerdo, à custa de hipertrofia de mióciotos e remodelamento da matriz extracelular. A relevância da concentração de fibrose intersticial nos pacientes acometidos é desconhecida. Analisamos o grau de fibrose no ventrículo esquerdo (VE) em pacientes sintomáticos com IAo submetidos a tratamento cirúrgico e sua relação com características funcionais e anatômicas. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a fibrose miocárdica na insuficiência aórtica crônica importante. MÉTODOS: Selecionaram-se 28 pacientes com IAo (16 com função VE normal e 12 com disfunção do VE), os quais foram analisados no pré e pós-operatório por ecodopplercardiografia. A capacidade funcional foi medida pelo teste de esforço cardiopulmonar. Para comparação dos resultados histopatológicos, um grupo-controle de 9 pacientes foi constituído. RESULTADOS: A média etária foi de 39 ± 12 anos, 75 por cento do sexo masculino com 84 por cento de etiologia reumática. Vinte e cinco pacientes permaneceram em classes funcionais I e II ao fim do estudo e apresentaram redução significativa dos diâmetros do VE entre os momentos pré e pós-operatórios. Houve três óbitos não relacionados à disfunção VE. Os parâmetros do teste cardiopulmonar não se modificaram entre o pré e o pós-operatório. O volume de fibrose intersticial em pacientes com IAo foi significativamente quando maior comparado ao grupo controle (3,47 ± 1,9 por cento vs 0,82 ± 0,96 por cento, respectivamente, p = 0,001). Não houve correlação entre o grau de fibrose do VE, parâmetros ecocardiográficos e funcionais. CONCLUSÃO: Em pacientes com IAo, a presença de fibrose miocárdica não se associou às alterações clínicas, ecocardiográficas ou funcionais.


BACKGROUND: Significant symptomatic chronic aortic regurgitation (AR) leads to considerable left ventricular remodeling at the expense of myocyte hypertrophy and extracellular matrix remodeling. The relevance of interstitial fibrosis concentration in these patients is unknown. We analyzed the degree of fibrosis in the left ventricle (LV) in symptomatic patients with AR submitted to surgical treatment, and its relationship with functional and anatomical characteristics. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate myocardical fibrosis in chronic severe aortic regurgitation. METHODS: Twenty-eight patients with chronic symptomatic AR (16 with normal LV function and 12 with LV dysfunction) were selected and assessed pre- and postoperatively by echocardiography. Functional capacity was measured using maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) through the cardiopulmonary test. Myocardial fibrosis volume fraction (MFV) was quantified through endomyocardial biopsy performed in all patients during surgery. We compared the histopathologic results with a nine-patient control group. RESULTS: The mean age was 39 ± 12 years, 75 percent of the patients were male, and the rheumatic etiology accounted for 84 percent of the cases. Twenty-five patients remained in FC l and ll at the end of the study, and there was a significant reduction of the LV diameters between the preoperative and late postoperative timepoints. Three deaths occurred but they were not related to postoperative ventricular dysfunction. The parameters of the cardiopulmonary test were similar between pre- and postoperative timepoints. MFV in patients with AR was significantly higher than in the control group (3.47 ± 1.9 percent vs 0.82 ± 0.96 percent, respectively, p=0.001). There was no statistical correlation among LV fibrosis and LV diameters, LVEF and MVO2. CONCLUSION: In patients with significant symptomatic AR, the presence of limited myocardial fibrosis was not associated with clinical, echocardiographic or...


FUNDAMENTO: La insuficiencia aórtica crónica severa sintomática (IAo crónica severa) ocasiona una gran remodelación ventricular izquierda, por cuenta de hipertrofia de miociotos y remodelación de la matriz extracelular. Se desconoce la relevancia de la concentración de fibrosis intersticial en los pacientes acometidos. Analizamos el grado de fibrosis en el ventrículo izquierdo (VI) en pacientes sintomáticos con IAo crónica severa sometidos a tratamiento quirúrgico y su relación con características funcionales y anatómicas. OBJETIVO: Evaluar la fibrosis miocárdica en la insuficiencia aórtica crónica severa. MÉTODOS: Se seleccionaron a 28 pacientes con IAo crónica severa (16 con función VI normal y 12 con disfunción del VI), los que se analizaron en el pre y el postoperatorio por ecocardiografía Doppler. Se midió la capacidad funcional por la prueba de esfuerzo cardiopulmonar. Para comparación de los resultados histopatológicos, se constituyó a un Grupo Control de 9 pacientes. RESULTADOS: El promedio de edad fue de 39±12 años, el 75 por ciento del sexo masculino con el 84 por ciento de etiología reumática. El total de 25 pacientes permanecieron en clases funcionales I e II al fin del estudio y presentaron reducción significativa de los diámetros del VI entre los momentos pre y postoperatorios. Hubo tres óbitos no relacionados a la disfunción VI. Los parámetros de la prueba cardiopulmonar no se modificaron entre el pre y el postoperatorio. El volumen de fibrosis intersticial en pacientes con IAo crónica severa fue significativo cuando mayor, comparado al Grupo control (3,47 ± 1,9 por ciento vs. 0,82 ±0,96 por ciento, respectivamente, p = 0,001). No hubo correlación entre el grado de fibrosis del VI, parámetros ecocardiográficos y funcionales. CONCLUSIÓN: En pacientes con IAo crónica severa, la presencia de fibrosis miocárdica no se asoció a las alteraciones clínicas, ecocardiográficas o funcionales.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Aortic Valve Insufficiency/physiopathology , Endomyocardial Fibrosis/physiopathology , Ventricular Remodeling/physiology , Aortic Valve Insufficiency/pathology , Aortic Valve Insufficiency/surgery , Case-Control Studies , Chi-Square Distribution , Chronic Disease , Collagen/metabolism , Endomyocardial Fibrosis/etiology , Endomyocardial Fibrosis/pathology , Heart Ventricles/pathology , Oxygen Consumption/physiology , Postoperative Care , Preoperative Care , Stroke Volume/physiology
8.
In. Serrano Junior, Carlos V; Timerman, Ari; Stefanini, Edson. Tratado de cardiologia SOCESP. Barueri, São Paulo, Manole, 2 ed; 2009. p.1299-1308.
Monography in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-555516
9.
J Postgrad Med ; 2008 Oct-Dec; 54(4): 335
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-115820
10.
11.
P. R. health sci. j ; 25(3): 241-247, Sept. 2006.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-472201

ABSTRACT

Valvular Heart Disease (VHD) is an important cardiovascular problem in the adult population. The knowledge of the physiology involved, prompt recognition and diagnosis are of paramount importance for the primary care physician who is in the front line of patient care. This article is the second of a series of two that deals with valvular problems in the adults in concise and practical form (11). Each topic will be presented using the following format: description, etiology, pathophysiology, natural history, essential of diagnosis and management. In this second and final article we will discuss aortic valve disorders.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Aortic Valve Stenosis/therapy , Aortic Valve Insufficiency/therapy , Clinical Trials as Topic , Echocardiography , Electrocardiography , Aortic Valve Stenosis/diagnosis , Aortic Valve Stenosis/physiopathology , Aortic Valve Insufficiency/diagnosis , Aortic Valve Insufficiency/physiopathology
13.
São Paulo; s.n; 2005. [94] p. ilus, tab, graf.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-586983

ABSTRACT

Introdução: O recente aperfeiçoamento da ultra-sonografia permitiu a análise estrutural e funcional do vaso. Casuística e Métodos: 36 pacientes com insuficiência aórtica e indicação de troca valvar, divididos em grupos com pressão arterial diastólica (PAD) superior e inferior a 50mmHg, avaliados antes e seis meses após a cirurgia. A função arterial compreendeu a complacência, distensibilidade e a função endotelial pela dilatação fluxo-mediada e nitrato-mediada. Conclusão: A complacência e a distensibilidade foram maiores no grupo com menor PAD e diminuíram após a cirurgia. A disfunção endotelial foi presente em insuficiência aórtica crônica independente do nível da pressão arterial diastólica.


Introduction: The recent improvement of ultrasonography made possible a functional and structural analysis of the vessel. Methods: 36 patients with aortic insufficiency and valve replacement need, divided in 2 groups with diastolic blood pressure (DBP) above and below 50mmHg. Checked twice: before and 6 months after surgery. The arterial function comprised compliance, distensibility and endothelial function through flow-mediated dilatation and nitrate-mediated dilatation. Conclusion: The compliance and distensibility were higher in the group with lower DBP and decreased after surgery. Endothelial dysfunction was present in chronic aortic insufficiency no matter the level of DBP.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Arterial Pressure , Blood Circulation , Compliance , Endothelium/physiopathology , Follow-Up Studies , Aortic Valve Insufficiency/physiopathology , Prosthesis Implantation
14.
Rev. Soc. Cardiol. Estado de Säo Paulo ; 14(1): 27-42, jan.-fev. 2004.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-391542

ABSTRACT

O tratamento das valvopatias deve sempre considerar o dano secundário ao miocárdio. Na indicação cirúrgica, deve-se sempre avaliar judiciosamente a evolução da disfunção ventricular, ocasionada pela remodelação e pela fibrose intersticial. Se não for corrigida em tempo adequado, a valvopatia irá se comportar, no futuro, como verdadeira "miocardiopatia". Após a correção da valvopatia existe o remodelamento reverso, com melhora da função global do coração. O grau desse remodelamento reverso relaciona-se com o prognóstico pós-operatório. O atual arsenal terapêutico dos inibidores da enzima de conversão, betabloqueadores, inibidores da angiotensina II e aldactone desempenha um papel na melhora da remodelação reversa no pós-operatório.


Subject(s)
Humans , Aortic Valve Stenosis/therapy , Heart Failure/prevention & control , Heart Failure/therapy , Aortic Valve Insufficiency/etiology , Aortic Valve Insufficiency/physiopathology , Aortic Valve Insufficiency/therapy , Mitral Valve Insufficiency/surgery , Mitral Valve Insufficiency/etiology , Mitral Valve Insufficiency/physiopathology , Mitral Valve Stenosis , Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors , Echocardiography , Myocardial Ischemia , Vasodilator Agents , Ventricular Function
15.
J Indian Med Assoc ; 2003 Apr; 101(4): 236-8
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-103074

ABSTRACT

For both aortic and mitral regurgitation if the patient has irreversible LV dysfunction, then they are at increased risk of postoperative LV dysfunction and death from heart failure. To justify the risk of surgery, the ideal timing for surgery is to do the same at the onset of LV dysfunction. There are several clinical and non-invasive indicators of the same.


Subject(s)
Aortic Valve Insufficiency/physiopathology , Humans , Mitral Valve Insufficiency/physiopathology , Time Factors
17.
In. Timerman, Ari; Machado César, Luiz Antonio; Ferreira, Joäo Fernando Monteiro; Bertolami, Marcelo Chiara. Manual de Cardiologia: SOCESP. Säo Paulo, Atheneu, 2000. p.287-9.
Monography in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-265436
19.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 30(9): 1075-80, Sept. 1997. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-199997

ABSTRACT

To determine the possible relationship between left ventricular dilatation and heart rate changes provoked by the Valsalva maneuver (Valsava ratio), we studied 9 patients with isolated chronic aortic insufficiency. Left ventricular systolic function was assessed by two dimensional echocardiography and cardiac catheterization. All patients were asymptomatic (functional class I of the New York Heart Association). The left ventricular internal diameters and volumes were significantly increased in all patients. The asymptomatic patients had either normal or slightly depressed ejection fraction (EF>0.40). The Valsalva ratio of these asymptomatic patients showed no significant correlation with the left ventricular volumes or with the left ventricular ejection fraction. In other words, parasympathetic heart rate control, as expressed by the Valsalva ratio, was normal in the asymptomatic patients with left ventricular dilatation and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction. Therefore, left ventricular dilatation may not be the major mechanism responsible for the abnormal parasympathetic heart rate control of patients with acquired heart disease.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Adolescent , Aortic Valve Insufficiency/physiopathology , Heart Rate , Valsalva Maneuver , Ventricular Function, Left
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